Aden — A full year has passed since the first Israeli airstrike targeted Yemen on July 20, 2024, marking the beginning of a sustained military campaign that has reshaped the country’s geopolitical landscape and deepened its humanitarian crisis.

Over the past 12 months, Israel has conducted at least 12 major military operations across Yemen, involving dozens of air and naval strikes. These operations primarily targeted infrastructure in Al-Hudaydah, Sana’a, and other strategic locations, which were reportedly repurposed by Houthi forces for military use.

Key Operations and Targets

- The campaign began with “Long Arm 1” and “Long Arm 2” in Al-Hudaydah.

- Later operations, such as “White City” and “Golden Jewel,” expanded to include Sana’a International Airport, which was nearly destroyed.

- The most recent strike, “Long Braid,” on July 21, 2025, introduced unmanned aerial drones, signaling a shift toward lower-cost, high-impact tactics.

Casualties and Damage

- According to rights groups, 141 civilians were killed or injured, including 34 fatalities and 107 wounded, among them children and technical workers.

- Infrastructure losses include:

- Three major ports in Al-Hudaydah

- Sana’a International Airport

- Four civilian aircraft

- Multiple power stations and fuel depots

- Economic damage is estimated at over $2 billion, with reconstruction expected to take years.